R&R Response & Rebuttal (ecj-rebuttal)

When to trigger

• An EJ R&R (or reject-with-encouragement-to-resubmit) letter has arrived
• You have referee reports and need a point-by-point response plan
• You are deciding which requests to implement, which to push back on, and how
• The revision is drafted and you need the response letter to accompany it

Do the revisions before writing the letter. The letter documents changes already made; it should never promise work that is not in the revised manuscript.

Reading the decision letter

• The editor's letter is the binding document (at EJ a handling editor coordinates the report; editor-in-chief Francesco Lippi, verified 2026-06-20). Identify which referee points the editor flags as essential vs. optional and prioritize accordingly.
• Separate requests into: (a) must-do for the editor, (b) reasonable and cheap, (c) costly or wrong-headed. Negotiate (c) with evidence, not assertion.
• An EJ editor and referees care most about the economic argument and broad interest: expect demands to strengthen the mechanism, broaden the relevance / bound the generality, or sharpen identification. Treat those as first-order.
• Plan replication readiness now: acceptance triggers the EJ Data Editor's pre-acceptance reproducibility check and a Zenodo deposit (see ecj-replication-package).

Response-letter structure

1. Cover note to the editor: thank them; summarize the 3–4 substantive changes; state how the paper is now stronger economically and more broadly relevant. One page.
2. Point-by-point, per referee, in the referee's order:
   • Quote (or paraphrase) the comment.
   • State the change made, with the new text/exhibit and where it now lives (section, table, page).
   • Where you disagree, respond with evidence and economic reasoning — concede what is fair, hold the line where you are right, and never be defensive.
3. A summary of changes mapping each major comment to the revised location, so the editor can verify at a glance.

Tone: respectful, concise, confident. Every response is either "done, here it is" or "we respectfully differ, and here is why." Avoid hedging and avoid over-promising future work. Because EJ review is single-blind, you already know the report is read by referees who see your identity — keep the tone collegial.

Handling the EJ-typical demands

• "Broaden the relevance / it reads too narrow" → route to ecj-topic-selection / ecj-literature-positioning; make the general lesson and external relevance explicit, or bound the claim honestly.
• "Strengthen the mechanism" → route to ecj-theory-model; add the model result or the discriminating test, then report it.
• "Rule out alternative X" → route to ecj-robustness; add the discriminating test, summarize in text, table in appendix.
• "Identification is not convincing" → route to ecj-identification; add diagnostics/falsification or reframe the claim to what the design supports.
• "Improve the exposition" → route to ecj-writing-style; at EJ this is substantive, not cosmetic — take it seriously.
• Conflicting referees → flag the conflict to the editor and explain the path you chose and why.

Checklist

• Every referee point has an explicit response (none skipped)
• Each "done" response points to the exact revised location
• Disagreements backed by evidence/economic reasoning, framed respectfully
• Editor's essential requests all addressed first
• Broad-interest / mechanism / identification demands treated as first-order
• Exposition improvements taken seriously (EJ bar)
• Replication package on track for the EJ Data Editor if acceptance follows
• Revisions are actually in the manuscript before the letter is written
• Summary-of-changes table maps comments → locations
• No new claim is over-promised without being delivered

Anti-patterns

• Writing the response letter before doing the revisions
• Skipping or merging referee points to seem responsive
• Defensive or dismissive tone toward a fair criticism
• Conceding a correct result because a referee pushed hard (defend it with evidence)
• Promising "future work" in place of an analysis the editor asked for now
• Dismissing an exposition request as cosmetic when at EJ it carries weight
• Ignoring the editor's prioritization and treating all comments as equal

Output format

【Decision】R&R / reject-with-encouragement
【Editor's essential points】1... 2... 3...
【Per-referee plan】R1: [done / push-back + evidence] ; R2: ... ; R3: ...
【First-order (broad-interest/mechanism/ID)】how addressed
【Exposition】improvements made? [y/n]
【Revisions complete before letter】[y/n]
【Summary-of-changes table】drafted? [y/n]
【Replication readiness】code ready for EJ Data Editor on accept? [y/n]
【Next】resubmit via Editorial Express (ecj-submission for format re-check)