技能 编程开发 API凭证与系统安全管理

API凭证与系统安全管理

v20260423
maintainx-security-basics
本技能指导如何安全地配置API集成。内容涵盖凭证管理、防止密钥泄露的Git钩子设置、使用Zod进行严格输入验证、构建结构化审计日志以及定期的API密钥轮换流程。确保系统符合安全标准,提高数据和系统的可靠性。
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概览

MaintainX Security Basics

Overview

Secure your MaintainX integration with proper credential management, input validation, audit logging, and key rotation procedures.

Prerequisites

  • MaintainX account with admin access
  • Node.js 18+
  • Familiarity with environment variables and secret management

Instructions

Step 1: Secure Credential Storage

Never hardcode API keys. Use environment variables or a secret manager.

# .env (never committed to git)
MAINTAINX_API_KEY=mx-prod-key-here

# .gitignore
.env
.env.*
*.key
// src/config.ts - load and validate credentials
import 'dotenv/config';

const REQUIRED_VARS = ['MAINTAINX_API_KEY'] as const;

export function validateEnv() {
  const missing = REQUIRED_VARS.filter((v) => !process.env[v]);
  if (missing.length > 0) {
    throw new Error(`Missing required env vars: ${missing.join(', ')}`);
  }
}

validateEnv();
export const API_KEY = process.env.MAINTAINX_API_KEY!;

Step 2: Git Hook to Prevent Secret Commits

# Install pre-commit hook
cat > .git/hooks/pre-commit << 'HOOK'
#!/bin/bash
# Block commits containing API keys
if git diff --cached --diff-filter=ACMR | grep -qiE '(MAINTAINX_API_KEY|Bearer mx-)'; then
  echo "ERROR: Potential MaintainX API key detected in staged files."
  echo "Remove secrets before committing."
  exit 1
fi
HOOK
chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-commit

Or use gitleaks:

npx gitleaks detect --source . --no-git

Step 3: Input Validation

Validate all user input before sending to the MaintainX API:

// src/validation.ts
import { z } from 'zod';

const WorkOrderInput = z.object({
  title: z.string().min(1).max(500),
  description: z.string().max(5000).optional(),
  priority: z.enum(['NONE', 'LOW', 'MEDIUM', 'HIGH']).default('NONE'),
  status: z.enum(['OPEN', 'IN_PROGRESS', 'ON_HOLD', 'COMPLETED', 'CLOSED']).default('OPEN'),
  assignees: z.array(z.object({
    type: z.enum(['USER', 'TEAM']),
    id: z.number().positive(),
  })).optional(),
  assetId: z.number().positive().optional(),
  locationId: z.number().positive().optional(),
  dueDate: z.string().datetime().optional(),
});

export function validateWorkOrder(input: unknown) {
  return WorkOrderInput.parse(input);
}

// Usage
try {
  const validated = validateWorkOrder(userInput);
  await client.createWorkOrder(validated);
} catch (err) {
  if (err instanceof z.ZodError) {
    console.error('Validation failed:', err.issues);
  }
}

Step 4: Audit Logging

// src/audit-logger.ts
interface AuditEntry {
  timestamp: string;
  action: string;
  resource: string;
  resourceId?: number;
  userId: string;
  ip?: string;
  result: 'success' | 'failure';
  details?: string;
}

class AuditLogger {
  private entries: AuditEntry[] = [];

  log(entry: Omit<AuditEntry, 'timestamp'>) {
    const full: AuditEntry = { ...entry, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() };
    this.entries.push(full);
    // Structured JSON for log aggregation (ELK, CloudWatch, etc.)
    console.log(JSON.stringify({ type: 'audit', ...full }));
  }
}

export const audit = new AuditLogger();

// Usage in API wrapper
async function createWorkOrderAudited(client: MaintainXClient, input: any, userId: string) {
  try {
    const wo = await client.createWorkOrder(input);
    audit.log({
      action: 'workorder.create',
      resource: 'workorder',
      resourceId: wo.id,
      userId,
      result: 'success',
    });
    return wo;
  } catch (err: any) {
    audit.log({
      action: 'workorder.create',
      resource: 'workorder',
      userId,
      result: 'failure',
      details: err.message,
    });
    throw err;
  }
}

Step 5: API Key Rotation

// scripts/rotate-key.ts
// Run quarterly: npx tsx scripts/rotate-key.ts

async function rotateApiKey() {
  console.log('=== MaintainX API Key Rotation ===');
  console.log('1. Go to https://app.getmaintainx.com > Settings > Integrations');
  console.log('2. Click "Generate New Key"');
  console.log('3. Update the key in your secret manager / .env');
  console.log('4. Verify with: curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" \\');
  console.log('     https://api.getmaintainx.com/v1/users?limit=1 \\');
  console.log('     -H "Authorization: Bearer NEW_KEY"');
  console.log('5. Revoke the old key in MaintainX Settings');
  console.log('6. Update CI/CD secrets (GitHub Actions, GCP Secret Manager)');
  console.log('');
  console.log('Rotation schedule: every 90 days');
  console.log('Next rotation due:', new Date(Date.now() + 90 * 86400000).toISOString().split('T')[0]);
}

rotateApiKey();

Output

  • .env with API key, protected by .gitignore
  • Pre-commit hook blocking secret leaks
  • Zod-based input validation for all API inputs
  • Structured audit logging for compliance
  • Key rotation procedure with verification steps

Error Handling

Issue Cause Solution
Key leaked to git Committed .env or hardcoded key Rotate immediately, add pre-commit hook
Validation errors Invalid user input Use Zod schema to validate before API calls
Audit gaps Missing log entries Wrap all API calls with audit logger
Stale key Key not rotated in > 90 days Follow rotation procedure in Step 5

Resources

Next Steps

For production deployment, see maintainx-prod-checklist.

Examples

Middleware for Express API that validates and audits:

function secureEndpoint(schema: z.ZodSchema) {
  return async (req: express.Request, res: express.Response, next: express.NextFunction) => {
    try {
      req.body = schema.parse(req.body);
      audit.log({
        action: req.method + ' ' + req.path,
        resource: req.path,
        userId: req.headers['x-user-id'] as string,
        result: 'success',
      });
      next();
    } catch (err) {
      res.status(400).json({ error: 'Validation failed', details: (err as z.ZodError).issues });
    }
  };
}
信息
Category 编程开发
Name maintainx-security-basics
版本 v20260423
大小 7.08KB
更新时间 2026-04-28
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