技能 数据科学 OpenCTI威胁指标富集管道

OpenCTI威胁指标富集管道

v20260802
building-ioc-enrichment-pipeline-with-opencti
本技能指导构建基于OpenCTI的自动化威胁指标(IOC)富集管道。使用OpenCTI的STIX 2.1模型和内置连接器,从VirusTotal、Shodan等多个外部情报源拉取深度上下文信息。管道能够自动富集新摄入的指标,关联已知攻击者和活动,并生成置信度评分,辅助分析师提升优先级。
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Building IOC Enrichment Pipeline with OpenCTI

Overview

OpenCTI is an open-source platform for managing cyber threat intelligence knowledge, built on STIX 2.1 as its native data model. This skill covers building an automated IOC enrichment pipeline using OpenCTI's connector ecosystem to enrich indicators with context from VirusTotal, Shodan, AbuseIPDB, GreyNoise, and other sources. The pipeline automatically enriches newly ingested indicators, correlates them with known threat actors and campaigns, and scores them for analyst prioritization.

When to Use

  • When deploying or configuring building ioc enrichment pipeline with opencti capabilities in your environment
  • When establishing security controls aligned to compliance requirements
  • When building or improving security architecture for this domain
  • When conducting security assessments that require this implementation

Prerequisites

  • Docker and Docker Compose for OpenCTI deployment
  • Python 3.9+ with pycti library
  • API keys for enrichment services: VirusTotal, Shodan, AbuseIPDB, GreyNoise
  • Understanding of STIX 2.1 data model and relationships
  • ElasticSearch or OpenSearch for OpenCTI backend
  • RabbitMQ or Redis for connector messaging

Key Concepts

OpenCTI Architecture

OpenCTI uses a GraphQL API frontend backed by ElasticSearch for storage and Redis/RabbitMQ for connector communication. Data is natively stored as STIX 2.1 objects with relationships. Connectors are categorized as: External Import (feed ingestion), Internal Import (file parsing), Internal Enrichment (context addition), and Stream (real-time export).

Enrichment Connector Model

Internal enrichment connectors are triggered automatically when new observables are created or manually by analysts. Each connector receives STIX objects, queries external services, and returns STIX 2.1 bundles that augment the original observable with additional context, labels, and relationships.

Confidence Scoring

OpenCTI uses a 0-100 confidence scale for indicators. Enrichment connectors can update confidence scores based on external validation: VirusTotal detection ratios, Shodan exposure data, AbuseIPDB report counts, and GreyNoise classification results.

Workflow

Step 1: Deploy OpenCTI with Docker Compose

# docker-compose.yml (key services)
version: '3'
services:
  opencti:
    image: opencti/platform:6.4.4
    environment:
      - APP__PORT=8080
      - APP__ADMIN__EMAIL=admin@opencti.io
      - APP__ADMIN__PASSWORD=ChangeMeNow
      - APP__ADMIN__TOKEN=your-admin-token-uuid
      - ELASTICSEARCH__URL=http://elasticsearch:9200
      - MINIO__ENDPOINT=minio
      - RABBITMQ__HOSTNAME=rabbitmq
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    depends_on:
      - elasticsearch
      - minio
      - rabbitmq
      - redis

  connector-virustotal:
    image: opencti/connector-virustotal:6.4.4
    environment:
      - OPENCTI_URL=http://opencti:8080
      - OPENCTI_TOKEN=your-admin-token-uuid
      - CONNECTOR_ID=connector-virustotal-id
      - CONNECTOR_NAME=VirusTotal
      - CONNECTOR_SCOPE=StixFile,Artifact,IPv4-Addr,Domain-Name,Url
      - CONNECTOR_AUTO=true
      - VIRUSTOTAL_TOKEN=your-vt-api-key
      - VIRUSTOTAL_MAX_TLP=TLP:AMBER

  connector-shodan:
    image: opencti/connector-shodan:6.4.4
    environment:
      - OPENCTI_URL=http://opencti:8080
      - OPENCTI_TOKEN=your-admin-token-uuid
      - CONNECTOR_ID=connector-shodan-id
      - CONNECTOR_NAME=Shodan
      - CONNECTOR_SCOPE=IPv4-Addr
      - CONNECTOR_AUTO=true
      - SHODAN_TOKEN=your-shodan-api-key
      - SHODAN_MAX_TLP=TLP:AMBER

  connector-abuseipdb:
    image: opencti/connector-abuseipdb:6.4.4
    environment:
      - OPENCTI_URL=http://opencti:8080
      - OPENCTI_TOKEN=your-admin-token-uuid
      - CONNECTOR_ID=connector-abuseipdb-id
      - CONNECTOR_NAME=AbuseIPDB
      - CONNECTOR_SCOPE=IPv4-Addr
      - CONNECTOR_AUTO=true
      - ABUSEIPDB_API_KEY=your-abuseipdb-key

Step 2: Build Custom Enrichment Connector

import os
from pycti import OpenCTIConnectorHelper, get_config_variable
from stix2 import (
    Bundle, Indicator, Note, Relationship,
    IPv4Address, DomainName
)
import requests


class CustomEnrichmentConnector:
    def __init__(self):
        config = {
            "opencti": {
                "url": os.environ.get("OPENCTI_URL"),
                "token": os.environ.get("OPENCTI_TOKEN"),
            },
            "connector": {
                "id": os.environ.get("CONNECTOR_ID"),
                "name": "CustomEnrichment",
                "scope": "IPv4-Addr,Domain-Name,Url",
                "auto": True,
                "type": "INTERNAL_ENRICHMENT",
            },
        }
        self.helper = OpenCTIConnectorHelper(config)
        self.helper.listen(self._process_message)

    def _process_message(self, data):
        entity_id = data["entity_id"]
        stix_object = self.helper.api.stix_cyber_observable.read(id=entity_id)

        if not stix_object:
            return "Observable not found"

        observable_type = stix_object["entity_type"]
        observable_value = stix_object.get("value", "")

        enrichment_results = []

        if observable_type == "IPv4-Addr":
            enrichment_results = self._enrich_ip(observable_value, entity_id)
        elif observable_type == "Domain-Name":
            enrichment_results = self._enrich_domain(observable_value, entity_id)

        if enrichment_results:
            bundle = Bundle(objects=enrichment_results, allow_custom=True)
            self.helper.send_stix2_bundle(bundle.serialize())

        return "Enrichment completed"

    def _enrich_ip(self, ip_address, entity_id):
        """Enrich IP address with GreyNoise, AbuseIPDB context."""
        objects = []

        # GreyNoise Community API
        try:
            gn_response = requests.get(
                f"https://api.greynoise.io/v3/community/{ip_address}",
                headers={"key": os.environ.get("GREYNOISE_API_KEY")},
                timeout=30,
            )
            if gn_response.status_code == 200:
                gn_data = gn_response.json()
                classification = gn_data.get("classification", "unknown")
                noise = gn_data.get("noise", False)
                riot = gn_data.get("riot", False)

                note_content = (
                    f"## GreyNoise Enrichment\n"
                    f"- Classification: {classification}\n"
                    f"- Internet Noise: {noise}\n"
                    f"- RIOT (Benign Service): {riot}\n"
                    f"- Name: {gn_data.get('name', 'N/A')}\n"
                    f"- Last Seen: {gn_data.get('last_seen', 'N/A')}"
                )

                note = Note(
                    content=note_content,
                    object_refs=[entity_id],
                    abstract=f"GreyNoise: {classification}",
                    allow_custom=True,
                )
                objects.append(note)

                # Add labels based on classification
                if classification == "malicious":
                    self.helper.api.stix_cyber_observable.add_label(
                        id=entity_id, label_name="greynoise:malicious"
                    )
                elif riot:
                    self.helper.api.stix_cyber_observable.add_label(
                        id=entity_id, label_name="greynoise:benign-service"
                    )

        except Exception as e:
            self.helper.log_error(f"GreyNoise enrichment failed: {e}")

        return objects

    def _enrich_domain(self, domain, entity_id):
        """Enrich domain with WHOIS and DNS context."""
        objects = []

        try:
            # Use SecurityTrails API for domain enrichment
            st_response = requests.get(
                f"https://api.securitytrails.com/v1/domain/{domain}",
                headers={"APIKEY": os.environ.get("SECURITYTRAILS_API_KEY")},
                timeout=30,
            )
            if st_response.status_code == 200:
                st_data = st_response.json()
                current_dns = st_data.get("current_dns", {})

                a_records = [
                    r.get("ip") for r in current_dns.get("a", {}).get("values", [])
                ]

                note_content = (
                    f"## SecurityTrails Enrichment\n"
                    f"- A Records: {', '.join(a_records)}\n"
                    f"- Alexa Rank: {st_data.get('alexa_rank', 'N/A')}\n"
                    f"- Hostname: {st_data.get('hostname', 'N/A')}"
                )

                note = Note(
                    content=note_content,
                    object_refs=[entity_id],
                    abstract=f"SecurityTrails: {domain}",
                    allow_custom=True,
                )
                objects.append(note)

        except Exception as e:
            self.helper.log_error(f"SecurityTrails enrichment failed: {e}")

        return objects


if __name__ == "__main__":
    connector = CustomEnrichmentConnector()
信息
Category 数据科学
Name building-ioc-enrichment-pipeline-with-opencti
版本 v20260802
大小 18.68KB
更新时间 2026-08-04
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