Literature Positioning (psci-literature-positioning)

Psychological Science gives you almost no room for a traditional literature review: roughly 40 references and an Introduction that shares a 2,000-word budget with the Discussion. Positioning must be surgical — name the open question, the contribution, and the broad relevance in a few tight paragraphs.

When to trigger

• Drafting or compressing the Introduction
• A reviewer said the contribution is "incremental" or "not clearly novel"
• You have far more citations than the format allows and must prioritize
• Connecting a specific finding to a broad psychological question

How to position in tight space

1. Open with the question and its stakes, not a textbook history. Two or three sentences on why the phenomenon matters across psychology.
2. Name the gap precisely. What is unresolved, contested, or untested — and why settling it matters. Avoid "little is known."
3. State the contribution early. By the end of a short Introduction the reader knows the question, the approach, and what is new (novel finding, robust replication, decisive test, or extension).
4. Cite to anchor, not to pad. Choose the works that define the question and the closest prior studies. ~40 references is plenty for a focused contribution; prune redundancy.
5. Make breadth explicit. Show a psychologist outside the subarea why the result matters to them.

Replications and extensions

• Frame a replication around why it matters now (theoretical stakes, prior result's influence, power/credibility of the original), not as a bare repetition. Extensions should state the new boundary or mechanism tested.

Citation-budget triage (working with ~40 references)

When your reference list overflows the format, sort every candidate into one of four roles and keep only what earns its slot. Confirm the current reference allowance against the journal's submission guidelines, but the discipline is the same.

Worked micro-example (illustrative)

A two-study attention package wants to position against a famous but underpowered emotional-capture finding. Weak framing: "Prior work has examined attentional capture (refs 1–18)." Venue-fit framing:

Stakes:   Capture by emotional distractors is a load-bearing assumption
          across clinical, social, and cognitive accounts of self-regulation.
Gap:      The single most-cited demonstration (N ≈ 40, no preregistration)
          has never been tested under a power-justified, preregistered design.
Contribution (stated by paragraph two):
          Two preregistered studies (N = 240; N = 300) provide a powered,
          transparent test and a boundary condition (trait anxiety).
Breadth:  Settles a premise that downstream clinical-science models inherit.

Positioning-stage reviewer pushback and the venue fix

Anti-patterns

• A long, chronological literature review that the word format cannot hold
• Burying the contribution after pages of background
• Citing exhaustively to seem thorough (the format rewards precision, not breadth)
• "First to show" claims for an incremental effect
• Positioning only within a narrow paradigm with no broad relevance

Output format

【Question + stakes】why it matters across psychology
【Gap】what is unresolved / contested / untested
【Contribution】novel / replication / decisive test / extension — stated early?
【Anchor citations】the defining works + closest priors (≈ within ~40 total)
【Breadth】who outside the subarea cares
【Next】psci-theory-and-hypotheses

Supplementary resources

• ../../resources/official-source-map.md — reference count and word format