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This guide details the exploitation of the Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) ESC1 vulnerability. By leveraging misconfigurations, an attacker can request certificates impersonating high-privileged users (e.g., Domain Admins). The workflow covers AD enumeration, forging certificates with arbitrary Subject Alternative Names (SANs), authenticating via PKINIT, and ultimately escalating domain privileges using tools like mimikatz. Essential for authorized red team and penetration testing.

This technique exploits the Active Directory attribute `msDS-KeyCredentialLink` by injecting attacker-controlled public keys (Shadow Credentials). Using tools like pyWhisker and Certipy, the attacker forces the target account to register a new key. Subsequently, by leveraging PKINIT (Public Key Cryptography for Initial Authentication in Kerberos), the attacker can obtain a service ticket and recover the target's NT hash, achieving a stealthy, password-less, complete account takeover.

A powerful offensive security toolkit for red-teaming and penetration testing. It systematically enumerates and exploits various misconfigurations within Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) using Certipy. This allows attackers to forge privileged certificates, perform PKINIT authentication, and achieve domain compromise and privilege escalation, even without knowing user passwords. Ideal for validating security hardening.

This skill details the advanced red-teaming technique of exploiting Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) via the ESC8 path. By abusing the HTTP web-enrollment endpoint and relaying coerced NTLM credentials, an attacker can compel a domain controller to request a machine certificate. This certificate is then used to compromise the domain via PKINIT and DCSync.