技能 人工智能 人工智能科学可复现性指南

人工智能科学可复现性指南

v20260724
uai-reproducibility
本指南提供了在概率推理和机器学习领域实现科学可复现性的高级最佳实践。它要求作者必须严格披露随机数种子、超参数搜索空间、诊断轨迹(如R-hat、ELBO)以及计算环境,从而确保学术论文中的所有结论都具备可追溯和可验证的证据链,将可复现性提升为全面审计。
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UAI Reproducibility

UAI's 2026 CFP did not impose a formal reproducibility checklist (one may appear later — 待核实 each cycle), but it strongly encouraged code and data availability and instructed reviewers to judge whether claims are backed up convincingly. At this venue "convincing" has a technical meaning: stochastic-inference results carry diagnostics, not just point estimates. This skill turns that norm into an audit.

The UAI-specific bar

Reproducibility questions at a probabilistic-inference venue go one level deeper than "can I rerun the script":

  • A sampler that reproduces the same posterior mean but different tail quantiles has not reproduced the paper — report and check the diagnostics that detect this (R-hat, ESS, divergent transitions where relevant).
  • A variational result is reproducible when the ELBO trajectory and the selected restart are recoverable, not merely the final metric; multi-restart selection rules must be stated.
  • Calibration claims reproduce only if the binning scheme, the split used for recalibration, and the α grid are all pinned down; empirical coverage moves with all three.
  • Causal-discovery results depend on graph generation as much as on the algorithm: publish the SCM sampler, noise families, and intervention protocol.

Determinism ledger

Record every randomness source once, in code, and cite it from the paper:

# repro/ledger.py — imported by every experiment entry point
import json, platform, random, numpy as np

def fix_and_log(seed: int, path: str = "run_manifest.json"):
    random.seed(seed)
    np.random.seed(seed)
    manifest = {
        "seed": seed,
        "python": platform.python_version(),
        "numpy": np.__version__,
        "chains": 4, "warmup": 1000, "draws": 2000,   # sampler config lives here
        "elbo_restarts": 10, "restart_rule": "best final ELBO",
    }
    json.dump(manifest, open(path, "w"), indent=2)
    return manifest

The manifest style matters more than the specific fields: one machine-readable file per run, checked into the artifact, lets a reviewer reconcile the paper's Table 3 with an actual execution.

Disclosure map

What must be recoverable Where it lives at UAI Common omission
Model and assumption set Main part, stated with each theorem/method Assumptions distributed across three sections
Sampler / optimizer settings Appendix (unlimited, same PDF) "Default settings" without library version
Hyperparameter search space and selection rule Appendix table Only the winning configuration reported
Seeds and number of repeats Appendix + artifact manifest Single-run results with no variance
Dataset versions, splits, preprocessing Appendix + loader script in ZIP Preprocessing "as in [12]" where [12] is ambiguous
Compute (hardware, runtime, memory) Appendix Runtime reported only for the proposed method, not baselines
Code/data availability statement Main part or appendix Silence, which reviewers read as "unavailable"

Diagnostic quick reference

What "reported convincingly" tends to mean per inference family — as conventions of the field, not venue mandates:

Family Minimum reported Stronger version
MCMC R-hat per parameter block, ESS, chain count/length Rank plots; comparison against a long-run gold standard
Variational Final ELBO, restart count and rule ELBO traces; posterior-quality check on a tractable case
SMC / particle Particle count, resampling scheme, ESS trajectory Variance of the marginal-likelihood estimate over repeats
Conformal / intervals Split sizes, α grid, empirical coverage Conditional coverage slices; width distribution
Calibration Binning scheme, ECE definition used Reliability diagrams with confidence bands over seeds
Causal discovery Graph generator, noise family, SHD/SID per seed Sensitivity to assumption violations (unfaithfulness, confounding)

If a row's "minimum" column is missing for your method family, expect the backing criterion to absorb the damage.

Honesty over completeness

  • If code cannot be released (industrial constraints, licensed data), say so in the paper and compensate: fuller pseudocode, exact hyperparameters, synthetic surrogates for private datasets. The encouraged-not-mandatory wording gives room for honesty, not for vagueness.
  • Report failure modes you observed — initializations that collapse, chains that need longer warmup on one dataset. Probabilistic-ML reviewers trust papers that know where their method breaks.
  • Never let variance disappear in the retelling: if three of ten seeds underperform, the aggregate table must reflect it (mean ± sd over all ten, or a stated, principled selection rule).

Where reproducibility evidence lives

Split by tier deliberately: the availability statement and diagnostic summaries in the reviewed PDF (body or appendix), where they count toward backing; manifests, loaders, and per-run logs in the ZIP, where they support spot-checks. Never leave the only mention of seeds or repeat counts inside the optional archive — reviewers grade what the PDF says.

Pre-submission reproducibility drill

  1. Clone your own artifact onto a machine that never ran the project; follow only the README.
  2. Reproduce the smallest headline number end to end, including the diagnostic that validates it.
  3. Diff the regenerated figure against the paper's; investigate any visible deviation before a reviewer does.
  4. Grep the paper for every "we observe/we find/consistently" and confirm each maps to a logged run.
  5. Write the availability statement last, describing what is actually in the ZIP — not what was planned in January.

Output format

[Repro grade] turnkey / recoverable with effort / under-specified
[Diagnostics reported] <R-hat/ESS/ELBO/coverage/SHD... as applicable>
[Determinism ledger] present / partial / absent
[Disclosure gaps] <items from the map still missing>
[Availability statement] drafted / needs honesty pass / missing
信息
Category 人工智能
Name uai-reproducibility
版本 v20260724
大小 6.38KB
更新时间 2026-07-29
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